A multi-attention mechanism U-Net neural network for image correction of PbS quantum dot focal plane detectors
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1.State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.;2.College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.;4.State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.;5.School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.

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Supported by the National key research and development program in the 14th five year plan 2021YFA1200700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (62535018, 62431025, 62561160113) and Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (23ZR1473400).

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    Abstract:

    Near-infrared image sensors are widely used in fields such as material identification, machine vision, and autonomous driving. Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot-based infrared photodiodes can be integrated with silicon-based readout circuits in a single step. Based on this, we propose a photodiode based on an n-i-p structure, which removes the buffer layer and further simplifies the manufacturing process of quantum dot image sensors, thus reducing manufacturing costs. Additionally, for the noise complexity in quantum dot image sensors when capturing images, traditional denoising and non-uniformity methods often do not achieve optimal denoising results. For the noise and stripe-type non-uniformity commonly encountered in infrared quantum dot detector images, a network architecture has been developed that incorporates multiple key modules. This network combines channel attention and spatial attention mechanisms, dynamically adjusting the importance of feature maps to enhance the ability to distinguish between noise and details. Meanwhile, the residual dense feature fusion module further improves the network''s ability to process complex image structures through hierarchical feature extraction and fusion. Furthermore, the pyramid pooling module effectively captures information at different scales, improving the network''s multi-scale feature representation ability. Through the collaborative effect of these modules, the network can better handle various mixed noise and image non-uniformity issues. Experimental results show that it outperforms the traditional U-Net network in denoising and image correction tasks.

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WANG Han-Ting, DI Yun-Xiang, QI Xing-Yu, SHA Ying-Zhe, WANG Ya-Hui, YE Ling-Feng, TANG Wei-Yi, BA Kun, WANG Xu-Dong, HUANG Zhang-Cheng, CHU Jun-Hao, SHEN Hong, WANG Jian-Lu. A multi-attention mechanism U-Net neural network for image correction of PbS quantum dot focal plane detectors[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves,2026,45(1):148~156

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History
  • Received:February 20,2025
  • Revised:December 18,2025
  • Adopted:March 13,2025
  • Online: December 19,2025
  • Published:
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