Design and fabrication of pixel-level infrared metalens arrays for light field control
Affiliation:

1.University of Shanghai for Science and Technology;2.Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics

Clc Number:

O43

Fund Project:

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. of U24A20294,62335017, 62222412, 62104236, 62104237), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. of 2022YFB3404405), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB0980000),the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (Grant No. of Y202057), the Shanghai Sailing Program (Grant No. 22YF1455800, 21YF1455000);Shanghai Natural Science Foundation Program (Grant No. 23ZR1473500, 23ZR1473100), Special Innovation Program of Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.CX-513, CX-512, CX-508, CX-567);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. of 2024M750687);National Key Laboratory of Infrared Detection Technologies (Grant No. of IRDT-23-01).

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    Abstract:

    Metalenses,with their unique optical field modulation characteristics and remarkable advantages of high integration and miniaturization, have broad applications in the integrated imaging system of lightweight and small-sized optoelectronic chips. In this paper, a metalens structure for pixel-level integrated infrared focal plane applications was designed. The preparation of the structure adopted a method combining stepper lithography technology and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) etching process. Through a systematic optimization of etching parameters, including gas flow rate, working pressure, and power, the loading effect was effectively suppressed and the standard deviation of the etching rate was decreased from 0.205% to 0.073%. Finally, a highly uniform metalens array was fabricated, with a pixel center distance of 30 μm, an array of 640×512, and a maximum aspect ratio of 3.42 of Si pillars. The focusing distance for 4.3 μm wavelength infrared light is 35 μm. The measured optical field convergence efficiencies, within radial ranges of 10 μm and 20 μm in the centra area at the focal length, are 66.4% and 84.9%, respectively. The optical field energy is increased by 5.98 times and 1.91 times, respectively, compared with that without the integrated metalens within the same area range. This study will provide the structural design and processing foundation for the integration of pixel-level metalens arrays with infrared chips.

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History
  • Received:January 07,2025
  • Revised:March 07,2025
  • Adopted:March 11,2025
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