Through sufficient investigation and summary, the development trend and representative work of Metaverse and related technologies in the aerospace field since the 1960s have been sorted out, and it is pointed out that multi-satellite networking, digitalization and virtualization will become important development trends of aerospace science and technology. Hence, a new concept called “Aerospace Metaverse” has been proposed. Based on this concept, the fundamentals of mathematics and physics have been analyzed. Necessry technologies to build Aerospace Metaverse such as digital twins of aerospace and all-optical perception have been proposed, and their implementation approaches are elaborated. Furthermore, combining with the vigorous development of aerospace technology, scenarios that can be first put into use have been predicted. Several existing difficulties in building Aerospace Metaverse and corresponding solutions have been proposed, providing new ideas for the development of aerospace technology.