星载单光子激光雷达水体散射测深误差修正方法分析
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1.武汉大学电子信息学院;2.中国空间技术研究院;3.武汉量子技术研究院

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目),湖北省自然科学基金,国家资助博士后研究人员计划


Analysis of water scattering correction methods for spaceborne photon-counting bathymetric lidar
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Affiliation:

1.Electronic Information School, Wuhan University;2.China Academy of Space Technology;3.Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology

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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan), Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China, Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

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    摘要:

    水体前向散射误差是激光测深的主要误差源之一,单项误差可能超过海道测量规范的水深精度要求。传统机载激光测深雷达利用回波波形拟合的散射误差抑制方式无法适用于单光子激光雷达的光子点云数据。基于蒙特卡罗方法,论文建立了星载单光子激光雷达前向散射误差修正经验公式,定量分析了基于模型仿真、公式拟合的散射误差修正算法的可靠性。利用ICESat-2测深误差初步修正后的水深数据、MODIS全球范围的531 nm水体后向散射系数作为输入,修正经验公式可以代替模型仿真过程实现水体散射误差的快速修正。论文对修正公式的输入参数的灵敏度分析表明,散射误差修正残差主要受水体后向散射系数的不确定度影响。若输入的后向散射系数误差在20%以内,所推导的经验公式可将散射误差修正残差降至水深的0.45%以下,在四种典型水体条件下,所推导的经验公式平均降低了72%的水体散射误差,能够有效剔除绝大部分的水体散射误差。论文进一步分析了不同系统参数对前向散射误差及修正公式的影响,考虑了在地表位置的接收视场半径,可将所推导的ICESat-2修正经验公式推广到未来可能的星载单光子激光测深雷达系统。

    Abstract:

    The forward scattering error in water bodies is one of the primary error sources in spaceborne laser bathymetry, with individual errors potentially exceeding the depth accuracy requirements of hydrographic surveying standards. However, traditional scattering correction methods developed based on waveform information cannot be applied to the discrete photons from photon-counting lidars. In this study, a Monte Carlo simulation is used to estimate the forward scattering errors in the water column for spaceborne photon-counting lidars and an empirical formula is derived for its rapid error correction. The quantitative analysis on this correction method demonstrates that the rapid scattering error correction is practicable and reliable using the initially corrected bathymetry data of ICESat-2 and the MODIS global water backscattering coefficient at 531 nm as inputs. Further sensitivity analysis indicates that the method performance mainly depends on the uncertainty of water backscattering coefficients. With the backscattering coefficients error constrained within 20%, the empirical formula reduces the scattering error residuals to less than 0.45% of the water depth. Under four typical water conditions, the empirical formula demonstrates an average 72% reduction in water forward scattering errors, effectively eliminating the majority of scattering-induced inaccuracies. The analysis of system parameters indicates that the derived ICESat-2 correction formula can be extended to other spaceborne photon-counting bathymetric lidars through considering the receiver field-of-view radius.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15
  • 最后修改日期:2025-05-15
  • 录用日期:2025-05-19
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