西藏羊八井Ka&W双频毫米波云雷达性能及观测分析
作者:
作者单位:

1.中国科学院大气物理研究所 中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室,北京 100029;2.安徽四创电子有限公司 ,安徽 合肥 230088

作者简介:

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

O43

基金项目:

第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0604)


Ka&W dual-frequency millimeter-wave cloud radar at Yangbajing ---Performance and comparison
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;2.Sun Create Electronics Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088 , China

Fund Project:

Supported by The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (2019QZKK0604)

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    摘要:

    介绍了西藏羊八井全大气层观象台最新架设的Ka&W双频毫米波云雷达(以下简称YBJ-DFDR,W波段 94 GHz,波长 3.2 mm,Ka波段 35 GHz,波长 8.6 mm)的基本性能,并选择该地区不同类型云的观测数据,对其探测能力开展了分析和对比研究。分析结果显示,该双频云雷达系统具有较高的探测能力,其中W波段雷达和Ka波段雷达在10 km距离处的探测灵敏度分别达为 -39.2 dBZ和 -33 dBZ。对比研究表明Ka和W波段雷达所测等效反射率因子值因云物理属性不同亦呈现不同的特征。发生降雨时,由于液态雨和云粒子对雷达信号的吸收和散射作用,造成回波信号出现衰减,此时Ka和W波段雷达二者之间的衰减程度明显不同,W波段雷达信号衰减较严重,甚至出现衰减后低于探测灵敏度而无法获得回波的情况(严重时二者之差可达30 dB)。而当云中粒子多为冰相时,回波信号的衰减程度显著减弱,W波段雷达相比Ka波段雷达展示出更佳的探测能力,其所测反射率因子值普遍高于Ka波段雷达。研究亦发现Ka波段雷达对于云层边缘区域,如云顶、云底部分,容易出现漏测的情况,从而导致云顶高度的低估和云底高度的高估,其主要原因是这些区域的云粒子较小及数浓度相对较低,回波信号较弱,Ka波段雷达无法探测到。

    Abstract:

    This paper introduced a new dual-frequency millimeter-wave Doppler radar (YBJ-DFDR, W band 94 GHz, wavelength 3.2 mm, Ka-band 35 GHz, wavelength 8.6 mm) situated at Yangbajing in the Tibet Plateau and presented detailed analysis of the detection capability through calculations and comparisons. The analysis results show that the DFDR has a high sensitivity with -39.2 dBZ and -33 dBZ at 10 km for the W-band radar and Ka-band radar, respectively. It is shown that the radar equivalent reflectivity factor measured by Ka- and W—band radar illustrates various distribution characteristics for different cloud types. When rainfall occurs, W-band radar suffers much more attenuations by precipitation than the Ka-band radar (the difference between them reaches up to 30 dB in some cases), further, the attenuations may cause the loss of the reflectivity of W-band radar. On the other hand, when the cloud particles are mostly ice particles, the attenuation effect significantly decreased, and W-band radar shows stronger detection ability than the Ka-band radar with higher reflectivity values. In addition, it is also found that Ka-band radar is prone to miss more cloud edge areas than the W-band radar, such as the cloud top and cloud bottom area, resulting in underestimation of the cloud top height but overestimation of the cloud bottom height. The main reason is that the cloud particles in these areas are small and number concentration is generally low, which has weak reflectivity lower than the sensitivity of the Ka-band radar.

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毕永恒,霍娟,吕达仁,苏涛,王学荣,刘博.西藏羊八井Ka&W双频毫米波云雷达性能及观测分析[J].红外与毫米波学报,2022,41(2):470~482]. BI Yong-Heng, HUO Juan, LYU Da-Ren, SU Tao, WANG Xue-Rong, LIU Bo. Ka&W dual-frequency millimeter-wave cloud radar at Yangbajing ---Performance and comparison[J]. J. Infrared Millim. Waves,2022,41(2):470~482.]

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-31
  • 最后修改日期:2022-04-01
  • 录用日期:2021-10-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-31
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