Abstract:When an avalanche photodiode (APD) is operating at a sufficient reverse bias, the photo-generated carriers can reach the depletion region to induce a multiplication process. The asymmetry of the electron and hole in mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) in effective mass may result in unequal ionization coefficients and provide a single carrier induced impact ionization process. Thus, an electronic avalanche photodiode (EAPD) with ``ideal'' APD characteristics including near noiseless gain can be formed. At abroad, the MCT/FAPD devices with high gain (～7?10^3), low excess noise factor close to unity, THz gain-bandwidth product and fast response in the level of picoseconds are fabricated for various detector applications involving low photon numbers. The fundamental issues, device architectures, technology development and performance of MCT/EAPD are reviewed.

Abstract:Currently, the space remote sensing method can be used to meet the demands of social public products. Particularly in the development and study of urban areas, the earth observation technology is possible to be used to solve the common problems. Infrared remote sensing is generally based on the earth observation technology. It can provide helps for the management and construction of ground public products by investigating, analyzing and studying the public facilities in the concept of public products and by individual data acquisition. Usually, the disaster prevention and reduction and the environment protection are most easy to be understood. However, the remote sensing is not merely used for emergency. It is involved with the study of conventional data acquisition and the judgment of associated material attribution. Therefore, by summarizing the characteristics of ``the same object between information and material'' and ``the same object between person and information'' and by using infrared remote sensing technology to census with the minimum data set of point resource system, the application bottleneck in massive data processing can be broken. Thus, the infrared remote sensing and its census are expected to be the productivity essential for the informationized earth.

Abstract:Surface-type infrared decoy is a new decoy which can jam infrared imaging guided missiles effectively. It can jam the approaching missiles by simulating the infrared signatures of the object to be protected. The development of the surface-type infrared decoys at home and abroad and their operation mechanisms are presented. The methods for testing the surface-type decoys in ship Electronic Countermeasure (ECM) are analyzed. This work is helpful to the evaluation of surface-type infrared decoys.

Abstract:To improve the technology of infrared imaging simulation and accelerate the development of infrared guided weapons, the target scene radiation model, atmospheric transmission model and infrared detector model are analyzed respectively. Taking the F16 aircraft as an example, a dynamic infrared image simulation process based on Creator and Vega is described in detail. On the basis of MFC and Vega API, a friendly interface which can switch between different simulation conditions and adjust parameters is developed. The interface is successfully used to achieve the dynamical control of infrared images and provides great convenience and good effectiveness for simulation.

Abstract:To overcome the problem that the point target in infrared sequence images is more difficult to be imaged and tracked, the Hough transform algorithm is optimized in computational complexity according to the features of the infrared sequence images. The three dimensional space of the Hough transform is reduced to two dimensional space and a Hough transform-based method for tracking the point target in infrared sequence images is proposed. The experimental result shows that since the method can track the targets whichever have partial defects and size variation stably. Its stability in tracking infrared targets is improved.

Abstract:A method for tracking multiple moving infrared targets against island and shore background is proposed. The method is based on a particle filter and a FCM algorithm. It firstly extracts several target candidates through the preprocessing including median filtering, edge extraction, sea-sky line detection and morphological filtering of infrared sequence images. Then, it implements the data association and continuous tracking on the target candidates by using the particle filter and the FCM algorithm. The experimental result shows that this method is feasible and effective.

Abstract:A quantitative analysis model for silage ferment quality of corn ensile is established by using the near infrared spectroscopy. The detection result of the near infrared model established for organic acid and ammoniacal nitrogen is better than that of the near infrared model established for six ferment products such as lactic acid and acetic acid. The near infrared model established for organic acid and ammoniacal nitrogen has a prediction correlation coefficient of 0.8453 and a mean difference of 10.3582. Its judgment accuracy for silage quality is 80.15 %. The experimental result shows that the near infrared spectroscopy can be used to quantitatively analyze the organic acid and ammoniacal nitrogen content of corn ensile and is expected to be a rapid detection tool for the silage ferment quality of corn ensile.

Abstract:The application of different infrared techniques in automobile manufacture, automobile repair and automobile driving is overviewed. The current application status, operation principles and advantages of infrared collision avoidance radars, infrared paint baking, infrared night vision devices, infrared thermometers and infrared thermal imagers are mainly presented. Finally, some suggestions are given for the use of some techniques.