The reflectance-based calibration is the most common and effective in-orbit radiometric calibration method for visible and near infrared channels at present. In the method, accurate field reflectivity measurement is one of the important prerequisites for obtaining high precision calibration results. The time series measurement of field surface reflectance is performed by using a two-spectrometer method. The inconsistency of radiation conditions which may occur in traditional measurement methods is avoided. The reflectivity measurement values both in the central area and in the high reflectivity area are used to simulate the apparent reflectance of the VIIRS sensor. The apparent reflectance values observed by nine visible and near infrared channels (I1, I2, M1 to M7) of the VIIRS sensor are compared with the simulation values of a 6S radiation transmission model. The relative deviation of all channels except M6 (water vapor absorption) is less than 3%, which verifies the accuracy of the proposed surface reflectance measurement method.