According to the adjustment requirements for compensators proposed in aspheric mirror inspection and optical system assembling, a V-shaped supporting and adjusting device is designed. The components, freedom adjusting function and partial design principles of the device are presented. The analysis result shows that the device is stable and has an adequate adjusting precision. Its displacement adjusting precision and angle pitch adjusting precision are 1.39 μm/deg and 0.0073～0.0232 μrad/deg respectively. The device is used to inspect and assemble the optical components and optical system of an off-axis three-mirror space remote sensor and good effectiveness is obtained.