This article begins by reviewing the necessity and early development of space infrared astronomical observations. It highlights that the two major scientific themes driving further development in the near- and mid-infrared bands are cosmological research and exoplanet detection. The article then introduces the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) — the most significant current near- and mid-infrared mission — outlining its key technical features and major breakthroughs achieved in these research areas. Furthermore, it discusses the Euclid space telescope and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (RST). These missions, whose primary scientific objectives are surveying cosmological parameters, feature mosaic near-infrared focal planes with extremely large fields of view. The Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey (ARIEL) mission is also highlighted for its specialized design to acquire near- and mid-infrared spectra of exoplanet atmospheres. Additionally, the article surveys other operating, developing, or planned missions, including SPHEREx, EXCITE, Pandora, JASMINE, GaiaNIR, NEO Surveyor, and the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). Finally, the article notes that while far-infrared technology has progressed more slowly — with missions like SPICA and Origins not yet realized — the Probe Far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics (PRIMA) holds the promise of filling the "far-infrared gap".