CO₂ is one of the main greenhouse gases, which plays a great role in global warming. Since industrialization, the concentration of CO₂ has increased substantially worldwide. In order to achieve the target of carbon reduction, it is urgent to monitor the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere and analyze its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. With the launch of greenhouse gas observation satellites, carbon satellites can be used to observe and analyze atmospheric CO₂ concentration on a large scale. Using GOSAT-2 satellite data and Kriging interpolation technique, the spatial and temporal variation of CO₂ column concentration (XCO₂) over China''s land area from June 2020 to May 2021 is analyzed. The results show that the nationwide average XCO₂ has increased from 413.86 ppm in 2020 to 419.59 ppm in 2021（an increase of 5.73 ppm）. The lowest and highest values of XCO₂ appear in winter and spring, respectively. The further analysis shows that XCO₂ is spatially inconsistent, with higher concentration in the densely populated southeast region and lower concentration in the sparsely populated northwest region. In addition, XCO₂ in large cities and their surrounding areas are generally higher than that in other areas, indicating that human factors cause XCO₂ in urban areas to increase too quickly. The analysis results can provide important basic data and reference for the study of carbon sources and sinks.