To realize the intelligence of spindle vibration detection technology, a vibration detection scheme based on mobile terminal operating system is proposed. The vibration measurement model of laser triangulation is improved. The linear relationship of vibration displacement change of the object to be measured to the displacement change of the reflected spot is deduced. A vibration measurement system which enhances data security and realizes long-distance transmission by WIFI is designed. The mobile terminal software is designed to reduce the volume of vibration measurement system, and the sliding average filter method is used to eliminate periodic interference. According to the uncertainty analysis, information entropy is used to express uncertainty. The actual test shows that the measurement uncertainty of the system is 2.66 bit. The research result is of a certain guiding significance to the design of vibration measurement scheme and lays the theoretical and experimental foundation for the later research on vibration measurement in mechanical related field.