A method for designing and constructing optical wavelet filters for 4f optical systems is proposed. Frequency domain decomposition and reconstruction wavelet filters are constructed according to the advantages of optical signals and wavelet transform and the conjugate mirror characteristics of biorthogonal wavelets. The filters can implement two-dimensional decomposition and reconstruction of images successfully when they are placed on the spectrum surfaces of 4f optical systems. In addition, both amplitude wavelet filters and phase wavelet filters constructed according to the information processing needs and sampling device properties can also decompose and reconstruct images completely. This method is an innovation in frequency filters for 4f optical systems. It is simulated by using the discrete Bior 2.2 wavelet in experiment. The experimental result shows that this method is feasible.