The effect of the double nanohole (DNH) structure on the nanoparticle capture performance under different laser powers is studied, and the capture and rebound characteristics of the particles are analyzed. The DNH structure is simulated by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The results show that at an incident wavelength of 852 nm, the transmission characteristics of the structure reach a peak, stimulating strong plasmonic effects, which enhanced the local electric field distribution by about 150 times. The DNH structure is prepared by focused ion beam technology, and 20 nm gold particles are captured under different laser powers. The experimental results demonstrate a positive correlation between the voltage jump signal difference (indicative of particle trapping) and laser power, with the most stable trapping state achieved at 6 mW incident power. In addition, the high capture efficiency of the DNH structure is verified by analyzing the particle rebound characteristics of 20 nm gold particles. Combining the simulation and experimental results, this study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of efficient and low-thermal-damage optical tweezers systems.