A new statistical method was presented to retrieve the atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles from the satellite radiative measurements. By using the method some ideal and actual retrieval tests were done, and then the retrieval results of the statistical-physical method were compared with that of 1DVAR method. The results indicate that the retrieved temperature is more precise than those of 1DVAR retrieval results at most heights; and the retrieval precision of moisture profiles is lower than the background at middle model layer, and relatively high at other layers, while the 1DVAR method can amend a little to the background of moisture profile. In actual tests, the retrieval results of the temperature profiles are not good enough; the background can be amended only above 400hpa and near the surface, while the retrieval effect of moisture profile is relatively good.