An efficient method for a coupled microsphere and waveguide system is proposed and demonstrated numerically and experimentally. In order to study the coupling characteristics of the microsphere-waveguide system, a two-dimensional ( 2D) model is exploited by the coupled theory firstly. A numerical simulation system is designed with the finite difference time domain ( FDTD) method. The relative intensity spectra and transmission spectra in the wavelength range from 600 nm to 1000 nm are acquired by processing the sample data after fast fourier transformation ( FFT) . In the experiment, the quartz-microsphere is fabricated by melting the tip of a single-mode optical fiber. The tapered fiber, fabricated by using the heat-and-pull technique, is chosen as a waveguide to excite whispering gallery modes ( WGMs) of the microsphere. The microsphere-taper coupling system is tested and the results indicate that a very high quality ( Q) factor up to 2. 3 × 106 and a high coupling efficiency up to 92. 5% can be achieved by optimizing the microsphere position and orientation relative to the tapered fiber. These coupling characteristics can be well explained with the theoretical results. Such properties show its great potential in practical microcavity sensing and micro-lasers.