| （英）醫療紅外線熱影像應用於輔助臨床冠狀動脈血管阻塞率分析 |
| 投稿时间：2017-01-25 修订日期：2017-09-02 点此下载全文 |
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| 中文摘要:紅外線數位熱影像非常適合顯示受測物體曲面所發射紅外線輻射之二維溫度分佈，因此紅外線心臟熱影像又被稱為冠狀動脈熱像血管造影。在本研究中，提出了一種數位影像處理之演算法，以定位血栓阻塞或頸縮狹窄之位置。本演算法包含四個連續之處理過程；首先，針對紅外線數位熱影像之二維溫度灰階像素進行二值化處理，利用多閾值適性分割來區分心臟(背景)或冠狀動脈(前景)像素。接著第二處理過程將分割所得原始動脈像素，經過一連串之胡椒狀像素去除(pepper-like pixels removing)、外圍像素侵蝕(erosion)、與原區域相減(subtraction)、遞迴式鄰域探訪(recursive neighborhood visiting)、動脈輪廓點串鏈(point linked list)建立以及短邊刪除等處理之後，提取出冠狀動脈之候選輪廓。在第三個處理過程中，由醫生自主點選一冠狀動脈分支，利用形態學細化(morphological thinning)以及臨域分析(neighborhood analysis)，以便計算最長之中心軸曲線。在最後一個處理過程中，在沿著有向中心軸曲線上移動，將每一個中心軸像素至最近之左右邊動脈血管輪廓相加起來，成為該中心軸像素之可變血管管徑，並沿此彎曲之中心軸繪製出矯直哩程管徑圖，以提供醫生有用之狹窄處生理資訊。接著本研究定義一血管阻塞率公式，以區域阻塞率最小值來預估未來動脈阻塞最可能發生之位置。 |
| 中文关键词:紅外線數位熱影像、冠狀動脈熱像血管造影、冠狀動脈繞道手術、可變血管管徑、血管阻塞率 |
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| The Study of Using Infrared Thermal Image to Assist Surgery of Coronary Artery Bypass |
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| Abstract:Digital infrared thermography is suitable for monitoring the planar two-dimensional temperature distribution of infrared radiation that emitted from curved surfaces of objects. Thus, cardiac infrared thermograph also has an alias of thermal coronary angiography. In this study, a digital image processing methodology is proposed to locate the blockage of blood clot. This methodology contains four consequent processes. First, the two-dimensional pixels of grayscale infrared thermograph are binarized and classified as background or coronary arteries by multi-thresh adaptive segmentation. The contours of coronary artery are extracted from segmented raw pixels by continuous pepper-like pixels removing, erosion, subtraction, recursive neighborhood visiting, contour point-list construction and short edges deletion. In the third process, one branch of coronary arteries is selected by physicians to be calculated to generate the longest curved central axis by morphological thinning and neighborhood analysis. In the last process, the nearest left and right distances from each pixel along the directional central axis to its corresponding boundary contour are added as the variable diameter of coronary artery at current pixel"s position. A diagram of variable diameter versus straighten length along this axial curved path is plotted to provide useful physiological information to physician. Then an equation of obstruction rate is defined to calculate the possible positions of vascular blockage with the local minimal rates. Finally, a preoperative cases are tested to prove the predictive positions are correct with comparison to myocardial perfusion imaging of individual patient. |
| keywords:Infrared Thermal Thermograph, Thermal Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, Variable Diameter, Obstruction Rate. |
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