Coherent Raman scattering microscopy is widely regarded as a powerful tool for solving biomedical problems due to its chemical specificity, label-free imaging capability, high spectral resolution and high sensitivity. However, the clinical application of coherent Raman scattering imaging technology has long been hindered by environmental sensitivity and large volume solid-state lasers. Ultrafast fiber lasers, with their compactness and stability, can effectively overcome these shortcomings. In this paper, different realization methods and research progress of fiber-based laser sources in coherent Raman scattering imaging are reviewed, including supercontinuum fiber source, soliton self-frequency shift fiber source, fiber optical parametric oscillator and synchronized fiber source, and the future development is prospected.