As a key part of a space camera, the camera body structure is very important to the normal operation of the camera. According to the requirements in the aspects of optical design and satellite, the body structure of a space camera is designed. The body structure is made of silicon-aluminum alloy and its configuration is completed by welding. Through finite element analysis, the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the camera body are calculated and the reasonability of the body structure is verified. The welding stress is calculated and the calculation result shows that the welding stress can not affect the stability of the body structure. Finally, the mechanical and thermal experiments are made on the body structure. Its mechanical properties and stability are verified. The results show that the body structure of the high-resolution space optical camera can be made of silicon-aluminum alloy by welding.