According to the make-up of optoelectronic payloads for shipborne Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), the specifications of optical, infrared and lidar payloads are discussed. Since an optoelectronic sensor is susceptible to the environment under the complicated sea surface atmospheric condition, a field test scheme of an optoelectronic payload for a shipborne UAV is designed. The test scheme includes coastal experiment front arrangement, design of static and dynamic test programs and subsequent processing of test data.