In order to solve the problem that the interpretation precision of infrared measurement images can not be detected, a precision detection method using simulation images is presented according to the principle of sub-pixel subdivision. The background of an infrared measurement image is simulated by using the random superimposition of typical targets. The position of the target is determined by using a full frame of image. The simulation of the infrared measurement image is achieved through the sub-pixel interpolation of the image and noise simulation. Finally, the detection of the interpretation precision of the infrared measurement image is achieved through the interpretation of the known target points.