The influence of calibration constant K, spectrum region selection and spectrum preprocessing on the veracity of a calibration model when establishing a model for rapidly determining aroma composition in naphtha by near-infrared spectroscopy are analyzed. The analysis result has shown that the model for rapidly determining the aroma composition in naphtha established by using least square in the spectral region from 11000cm^-1 to 6099.7cm^-1 has a predicted value less than 2.0% and can be used to determine the aroma composition in naphtha rapidly and accurately. Now, this method has been used in the production process.